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Medicaid transportation integrity

Medicaid NEMT fraud, waste, and abuse, stopped before the claim pays

VectorCare is the proof-of-completion layer for Medicaid transportation. Every trip starts from a verified order, runs on a credentialed driver and vehicle, and closes with a GPS-timestamped pickup and dropoff and a signed completion record. Trips that can't prove themselves are flagged before payment. Plans, states, and brokers keep their systems. VectorCare is the rails underneath them.

Illustrative example

Trip record

  • Order verifiedPCS e-signed by a valid signer
  • Eligibility activeon date of service
  • Level of servicewheelchair van, evidenced from the record
  • Driver credentialedexclusion lists clear
  • Vehicle registered and inspected
  • Pickup 9:02 AMGPS
  • Dropoff 9:31 AMGPS
  • Billed miles vs driven routewithin tolerance
Completion record sealed.Ready for claim

Held before payment

  • No qualifying appointmenton date of service
  • Billed miles 38% over driven route
  • Driver credential lapsedat dispatch

3 trips held · evidence packet ready.

77%

of FY 2025 Medicaid improper payments came from insufficient documentation

CMS FY 2025 Improper Payments Fact Sheet [S1]

52

fraud convictions of non-emergency transportation providers by state Medicaid Fraud Control Units in FY 2025, tied for third among all provider types

HHS-OIG MFCU FY 2025 case outcomes data [S2]

2,500+

healthcare facilities coordinating logistics on VectorCare

What it is

Proof-of-completion infrastructure, not another broker

Medicaid pays for a trip because a claim says it happened. In most programs the first durable record is that claim. The order lives on a fax or a phone call, the driver's credentials live in a binder, and the pickup lives on a trip sheet that may or may not exist when an auditor asks for it.

VectorCare moves the record to the start of the trip. The order is captured at the source, the level of service is checked against the record, the assignment goes only to credentialed drivers and vehicles, and the trip closes with GPS pickup and dropoff, timestamps, and signed forms where the program requires them. That completion record is what the claim is checked against. A trip that can't produce one is an exception, not a payment.

That is integrity at the trip rather than recovery after the audit. Read how it played out in a recent federal case: War Room: $12M Medicaid NEMT fraud and integrity at the trip.

  • The rails under the program

    One record for every trip, from order to completion, shared by the plan or state, the broker, and the transportation provider.

  • Not a broker

    VectorCare doesn't take the contract or the trip. Plans and brokers keep their call centers, networks, and systems. Brokers can run on the platform as participants.

  • Not a post-payment claims tool

    Claims analytics find patterns after the money moves. VectorCare captures the evidence before it moves, then hands it to your claims, SIU, and audit teams.

The problem

Most FWA controls arrive after the money moves

Transportation claims are usually adjudicated one at a time, on data the provider submits. Review happens later, on a sample. By then the trip sheet is missing, the driver can't be identified, or the ride never happened.

Auditors keep finding the same gap: not proof of fraud, but no proof at all.

Federal auditors are looking again: HHS-OIG opened a new series of Medicaid NEMT payment audits in May 2026. [S7]

$196 million

in one city's rides

HHS-OIG found New York claimed $196 million in federal reimbursement for New York City NEMT payments that did not meet, or may not have met, Medicaid requirements. Only 17 of 100 sampled payments complied. [S4]

86 of 100

sampled claim lines out of compliance

An HHS-OIG audit of one state's NEMT program estimated at least $14.1 million in improper payments, and found driver qualifications and vehicle records inadequately documented for all 100 sampled items. [S5]

A GPS trail that was manufactured

In August 2026 the Justice Department charged four people with logging rides that never happened and using a GPS spoofing app to fake pickup and dropoff locations, tied to over $12 million in unmatched Medicaid claims. The charges are allegations. [S6]

Mechanism

Order, move, prove: every trip carries its own evidence

1

Verified at the order

The request starts from the source: a care team in the EHR through SMART on FHIR, a facility, a program, or the member booking digitally. Eligibility is checked for the date of service. The level of service is recommended from the record with the evidence shown, and overrides are logged. Where the program requires a PCS or practitioner order, it's generated from chart data and e-signed by a valid signer.

2

Dispatched only to credentialed providers

The trip goes only to providers who meet your rules. Licenses, insurance, and vehicle records are held in VectorCare Trust, and drivers and vendors are checked against federal and state exclusion lists at dispatch, not once a year. Excluded or lapsed parties never see the request.

3

Proven on the road

Pickup and dropoff are GPS-timestamped and tied to the assigned driver and vehicle. The driven route is compared with billed miles. No-shows and cancellations are recorded as no-shows, not billed trips. GPS is one signal among several, tied to the order, the assignment, and the completion record, so a coordinate trail alone doesn't make a trip payable.

4

Closed before payment

Each trip ends with a completion record: order, eligibility, level of service, credentials, GPS trace, timestamps, and signed forms where required. Your claims system checks against it. Trips with no qualifying appointment, missing proof, or mileage variance are flagged before claims pay, not in the next audit.

The controls

Six checks on every trip, before payment

01

Level of service at the order

Wheelchair van when it's safe, ambulance when it's needed, with the evidence captured when the order is placed. Upcoding gets stopped at the order.

02

Source verification

Eligibility, the practitioner order, and the PCS form checked against the record, not a fax.

03

Credentials at dispatch

Driver and vendor licenses, insurance, vehicle records, and exclusion screening checked live when the trip is assigned.

04

Pickup and dropoff proof

GPS pickup and dropoff, timestamps, driver and vehicle identity, sealed per trip.

05

Route and mileage check

Billed miles compared with the route actually driven, with variance flagged per trip.

06

Unusual patterns and duplicate claims

Same driver, same member, same distant clinic; duplicates; trips with no qualifying medical service that day. Surfaced on a dashboard and joined to claims before payment.

Who it's for

Built for the teams that answer for the transportation benefit

Payers & Health Plans

Rails under your broker stack

Keep your broker, your network, and your claims platform. VectorCare adds the evidence layer underneath them.

  • Every trip checked against your benefit rules, authorizations, and approved network before it runs
  • A completion record for every paid trip, visible to your transportation, claims, and SIU teams
  • Exceptions flagged before claims pay, with the evidence attached
  • Vendor scorecards built from verified trips, not self-reported numbers
VectorCare for payers & health plans
State & County Health Agencies

The continuum, plus the audit

One trip record across brokers, plans, providers, and facilities, from order to completion.

  • Documentation rate, GPS coverage, and unproven-trip dollars as a standing report, not an annual sample
  • A per-trip evidence packet for program integrity units, auditors, and the Medicaid Fraud Control Unit
  • Oversight of broker performance and compliance across regions
  • Data your budget and legislative teams can query without waiting for the next audit
VectorCare for state & county health agencies
Use cases

How programs put it to work

A state human service transportation program with regional brokers

The state pays two or more brokers who subcontract to hundreds of local transportation companies. Most rides are recurring and booked by phone, and audits sample a few dozen claims out of millions. With VectorCare underneath, brokers keep operating. Every trip, from the first ride of a standing order to the fortieth, needs the same proof: a verified order, a credentialed driver and vehicle, and GPS pickup and dropoff. The state gets payment tied to verified completion, a central repository of trip logs and credentials, and continuous audit across every trip instead of a sample.

A Medi-Cal managed care plan with a delegated broker

Under DHCS All Plan Letter 22-008, NEMT needs an approved PCS form on file, the plan can't delegate PCS review to its broker, brokers must be able to identify the driver by date, time, pickup and dropoff location, and member, and the plan must monitor its brokers at least quarterly. [S8] VectorCare turns those requirements into the workflow: the PCS is generated and e-signed at the order, the driver and vehicle are attached to every trip, and quarterly monitoring becomes a dashboard. The plan keeps its broker and its claims system. VectorCare supplies the proof that each trip happened as ordered.

Infrastructure

SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA, Epic-listed

VectorCare has completed a SOC 2 Type II audit, is HIPAA compliant, signs BAAs with every covered entity, hosts on AWS in the United States, and is listed on Epic's Connection Hub. Full data export is available on request. See security details.

Frequently asked questions

  • NEMT fraud, waste, and abuse is any transportation claim that shouldn't have been paid as billed. Common patterns include trips that never happened, padded mileage, a higher level of service than the member needed, billed no-shows, unqualified or excluded drivers, and kickbacks to members for taking rides. Many audit findings are simpler: the trip may have happened, but nobody can prove it.
  • VectorCare captures the evidence while the trip happens instead of reconstructing it later. Each trip starts from a verified order with eligibility and level of service checked, goes only to credentialed drivers and vehicles, and closes with GPS-timestamped pickup and dropoff and signed forms where required. Trips without a completion record are flagged before claims pay.
  • No. VectorCare is infrastructure, not a broker. Plans and states keep their broker contracts, call centers, and claims systems. Brokers and transportation providers work on the same trip record, so the plan or state sees the same evidence the broker does.
  • No. In a 2026 federal case, prosecutors allege a group used a GPS spoofing app to fake pickup and dropoff locations for rides that never happened. VectorCare ties GPS to the verified order, the assigned driver and vehicle, the timestamps, and the completion record, so a coordinate trail on its own doesn't make a trip payable.
  • APL 22-008 requires an approved PCS form on file for NEMT, prohibits delegating PCS review to a broker, requires brokers to identify drivers by date, time, location, and member, and requires at least quarterly broker monitoring. VectorCare generates and e-signs the PCS at the order, attaches the driver and vehicle to every trip, and reports monitoring from verified trip data.
  • Program integrity units and Medicaid Fraud Control Units get a per-trip evidence packet: the order, eligibility check, level of service, driver and vehicle credentials, GPS trace, timestamps, and claim match. Flags come with the evidence attached, and documentation rates are available across every trip, so investigators start from records instead of document requests.

Sources

  1. [S1] CMS, Fiscal Year 2025 Improper Payments Fact Sheet. Medicaid improper payment rate 6.12% ($37.39B); 77.17% of Medicaid improper payments from insufficient documentation, "generally not indicative of fraud or abuse." https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/fact-sheets/fiscal-year-2025-improper-payments-fact-sheet
  2. [S2] HHS-OIG, Medicaid Fraud Control Units Annual Report FY 2025 (OEI-09-26-00140), and its case outcomes and open cases data. "Transportation (Non-Emergency)": 52 criminal fraud convictions (tied with nurses for third, behind personal care attendants at 326 and non-residential mental health facilities at 63), $8.39M criminal recoveries, 31 civil settlements, $21.9M civil recoveries, 217 open criminal fraud investigations. Report: https://oig.hhs.gov/reports/all/2026/medicaid-fraud-control-units-annual-report-fiscal-year-2025/ · Data: https://oig.hhs.gov/documents/evaluation/11557/Case_Outcomes_-_2025.xlsx · https://oig.hhs.gov/documents/evaluation/11555/Open_Cases_-_2025.xlsx
  3. [S3] Massachusetts State Auditor, Audit No. 2024-1374-3M2, May 8, 2025. 18 of 75 sampled claims (24%) lacked trip sheets. https://www.mass.gov/info-details/office-of-medicaid-masshealth-review-of-transportation-services-finding-2
  4. [S4] HHS-OIG, A-02-21-01001 (Sept 2022), New York claimed $196 million, over 72 percent of the audited amount, for NYC NEMT payments that did not or may not have met Medicaid requirements. https://oig.hhs.gov/reports/all/2022/new-york-claimed-196-million-over-72-percent-of-the-audited-amount-in-federal-reimbursement-for-nemt-payments-to-new-york-city-transportation-providers-that-did-not-meet-or-may-not-have-met-medicaid-requirements/
  5. [S5] HHS-OIG, A-01-19-00004 (Jan 2021), audit of one state's NEMT program: at least $14.1 million in improper Medicaid payments; 86 of 100 sampled lines noncompliant; driver qualification and vehicle records inadequate for all 100. https://oig.hhs.gov/reports/all/2021/massachusetts-made-at-least-14-million-in-improper-medicaid-payments-for-the-nonemergency-medical-transportation-program/
  6. [S6] U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, Aug 20, 2026, "Four Members of the 'War Room' Charged in Connection with $12M Medicaid Fraud Scheme." Allegations only. https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/four-members-war-room-charged-connection-12m-medicaid-fraud-scheme
  7. [S7] HHS-OIG Work Plan, Audits of Medicaid Non-Emergency Medical Transportation Services, SRS-A-26-028, announced May 28, 2026, status active. https://oig.hhs.gov/reports/work-plan/browse-work-plan-projects/audits-of-medicaid-non-emergency-medical-transportation-services/
  8. [S8] California DHCS, All Plan Letter 22-008, Non-Emergency Medical and Non-Medical Transportation Services and Related Travel Expenses (May 18, 2022). PCS required and on file; plans can't delegate PCS review to brokers; brokers must identify drivers by service date, time, pickup/dropoff location, and member name; broker monitoring at least quarterly. https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/APL22-008.pdf

Make every paid trip provable

See the completion record a plan or state gets for every Medicaid trip.